Prostate Cancer 4K score – pro
A panel of four kallikriens – total PSA, free PSA, intact PSA, and kallikrein-related peptide 2 (hK2), were combined to generate the 4K score . Several recent European studies indicated that the 4K score could be used to distinguish between pathologically insignificant and aggressive disease and reduce unnecessary biopsies. In one of the studies, the AUC for 4K Score (0.83) improved over the AUC for total PSA (0.68) for the prediction of PCa at biopsy. This test is not yet recommended by any USA guidelines.
Sartori DA, Chan DW. Biomarkers in prostate cancer: what’s new?. Curr Opin Oncol. 2014;26(3):259-64.
Voigt JD, Zappala SM, Vaughan ED, Wein AJ. The kallikrein panel for prostate cancer screening: Its economic impact. Prostate. 2014;74:250–259. Carlsson S, Machino A, Schröder F, et al. Predictive value of four kallikrein markers for pathologically insignificant compared to aggressive prostate cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens: results from the European randomized study of screening for prostate cancer section Rotterdam. Eur Urol. 2013;64:693–699. This is a well defined retrospective study that combines four kallikrien markers to demonstrate the predictive value and ability to distinguish pathological insignificant from aggressive disease.
Bjartell A. Next-generation prostate-specific antigen test: ready to use? Eur Urol. 2013;64:700–702.