Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (sAML) have a very poor prognosis after failure of hypomethylating agents (HMA). Stem cell transplantation is the only effective salvage therapy, for which only a limited number of patients are eligible due to age and comorbidity. Combination therapy of venetoclax and azacitidine (5-AZA) seems to be a promising approach in myeloid malignancies.
Stefanie Jilg et al, Venetoclax with azacitidine targets refractory MDS but spares healthy hematopoiesis at tailored dose. Experimental Hematology & Oncology20198:9
Veronika Reidel et al, elective inhibition of BCL-2 is a promising target in patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and adverse mutational profile. Oncotarget. 2018 Apr 3; 9(25): 1727017281
David P. Steensma , Myelodysplastic syndromes current treatment algorithm 2018. Blood Cancer Journal volume 8, Article number: 47 (2018)